cultural elements and the methods of their translation in great gatsby translated by karim emami

this study is a discussion on translation of f. scott fitzgerald's the great gatsby from english into persian by karim emami based on newmarks’ (1988) classification of cultural elements. the discussion revolves around the problems of translation focusing on some of the cultural and linguistic issues encountered in the original and how they are resolved in the strategies used in the translation process taking ivir’ model (1987) into consideration. the study, therefore, seeks answers to the following question: has the translator of (the great gatsby) used literal translation for translating all linguistic and cultural elements? it is claimed in this paper that all translation strategies when used simultaneously throughout the same text would render a suitable translation of cultural elements and categories.